

The COVID-19 pandemic remains an evolving international crisis. Never before have vaccines been developed so rapidly and tested at the same time as gathering fundamental virology, immunology and public health knowledge on a virus. Across the industry the progress shown is extremely encouraging and is a credit to the multiple stakeholders —research scientists, governments, pharmaceutical companies, clinical research organizations— who have risen to the challenges this pandemic has raised already. This report is a snapshot into understanding the fundamentals of SARS-CoV-2 immunity, the vaccine development journey so far, and where we hope to move forward.